Reinforcement

For reinforced concrete design concrete and reinforcement material grades must be defined. Properties used in the concrete section and slab design are taken from the concrete and reinforcement material grades and not from the analysis material. The Grade Wizard should normally be used to define the reinforcement grade properties.

Definition

Name and Type

The name is only used as a convenient way of identifying a material. The type allows selection between normal steel reinforcement, prestress tendons and FRP bars.

Standard Grades

The standard grades allows selection from among a predefined set of properties.

General Properties

The following basic properties are specified:

• Strength ($f_y$)
• Material partial safety factor (γm) (for selected design codes)
• Failure strain ($ε_{max}$)
• Elastic modulus ($E$)
• Hardening parameter ($k$)
• Density ($ρ$)
• Thermal expansivity ($α$)
• Ductility (One of low, normal or high: this is a function of failure stain.)

Section Design Properties

The following section design properties are specified:

• Strength (taken from basic properties)
• Material curve
• Strains – at plateau stress, ultimate strain
• Bond parameters (for selected design codes)

Slab Design Properties

The following section design properties are specified:

• Strength and design strengths ($f_{yk}$) (taken from basic properties)
• Stress limits
• Strain limits

Miscellaneous Properties

Clicking Environmental Impact enables environmental impact parameters to be specified for this material by opening the Environmental Impact Wizard. These values then override the global values specified in Environmental Impact Specification for this material.

The current environmental values for the material are reported.

The cost allocates a unit cost to the reinforcement material.