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10.2.8 (current)
10.2.7
10.2.6
10.2.5
10.2.4
10.2.3
10.2.2
10.2.1
10.2.0
10.1.68
10.1.67
10.1.66
10.1.65
10.1.64
10.1.63
10.1.62

GSA Theory
Notation
Degrees of Freedom
- Active Degrees Of Freedom
- Degrees Of Freedom With No Local Stiffness
Analysis Options
Dynamic Response Analysis
Seismic Calculations
- Response Spectrum Analysis
- Equivalent Static And Accidental Torsion Load
Miscellaneous Calculations
Assemblies
Axes
Composite
- Composite Slabs
- Effective Elastic Properties
Constraints
Direction Cosines
Nodal Axes
Element Axes
Element & Node Properties
2D Element Stresses and Forces
Interpolation on a Triangular/Quad Facet
Loading
Mass Distribution
Material Models
Patterned Load Analysis
RC Slab Design
Rotation at the end of a bar (beam)
Second Moments of Area & Bending
Shear Areas
- Thin Walled Sections
- Solid Sections
Storey Displacements
Sub-model Extraction
Torce Lines
Torsion Constant
Transformations

Element Axes

Element Axes

The orientation of elements depends on the element type. These are represented by the direction cosines based on the element x, y, and z axis directions.

1D element axes

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